Bharat is My Home
Passage – I must confess that I am overwhelmed by the trust my people have placed in me by electing me to the highest office in the land. मुझे यह स्वीकार करना चाहिए कि देश के सर्वोच्च पद के लिए मुझे चुनकर मेरे लोगों ने मुझ पर जो भरोसा जताया है, उससे मैं अभिभूत हूं।
Passage – Dr Radhakrishnan brought to the Presidency a mental equipment, a degree of erudition and wealth of experience rarely to be found anywhere. During a lifetime devoted to the pursuit of knowledge and truth, he has done more than probably any other man to bring out and explain Indian philosophical thought and the oneness of all true spiritual values. He has never lost his faith in the essential humanity of man and he himself has never ceased to champion the right of all men to live in dignity and with justice. डॉ. राधाकृष्णन राष्ट्रपति पद के लिए एक मानसिक उपकरण, विद्वता की डिग्री और अनुभव का खजाना लेकर आए जो शायद ही कहीं और पाया जाता है। ज्ञान और सत्य की खोज के लिए समर्पित अपने जीवनकाल के दौरान, उन्होंने भारतीय दार्शनिक विचार और सभी सच्चे आध्यात्मिक मूल्यों की एकता को सामने लाने और समझाने के लिए शायद किसी भी अन्य व्यक्ति से अधिक काम किया है। उन्होंने मनुष्य की आवश्यक मानवता में अपना विश्वास कभी नहीं खोया है और उन्होंने स्वयं सभी मनुष्यों के सम्मान और न्याय के साथ जीने के अधिकार की वकालत करना कभी बंद नहीं किया है
Passage – I can only assure you that I enter this office in a spirit of prayerful humility and total dedication. I have just taken the oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India. It is the Constitution of a comparatively new State which its free citizens have, for the first time in history, given to themselves. It is the young State of an ancient people who, through the long millennia and through cooperation of diverse ethnic elements, have striven to realise timeless, absolute values in their own peculiar way. I pledge myself to the service of those values. For, though some concrete realisation of a value may become inadequate with the change of circumstance, the value remains eternally valid and presses for newer and fresher realisation. The past is not dead and static, it is alive and dynamic and is involved in determining the quality of our present and the prospects of our future. मैं आपको केवल यह आश्वासन दे सकता हूं कि मैं इस कार्यालय में प्रार्थनापूर्ण विनम्रता और पूर्ण समर्पण की भावना से प्रवेश करता हूं। मैंने अभी-अभी भारत के संविधान के प्रति निष्ठा की शपथ ली है। यह एक तुलनात्मक रूप से नए राज्य का संविधान है जिसे इसके स्वतंत्र नागरिकों ने इतिहास में पहली बार स्वयं को सौंपा है। यह प्राचीन लोगों का युवा राज्य है, जिन्होंने लंबी सहस्राब्दियों के दौरान और विविध जातीय तत्वों के सहयोग के माध्यम से, अपने विशिष्ट तरीके से कालातीत, पूर्ण मूल्यों को साकार करने का प्रयास किया है। मैं उन मूल्यों की सेवा के लिए स्वयं को प्रतिबद्ध करता हूं। हालाँकि, किसी मूल्य की कुछ ठोस अनुभूति परिस्थिति के बदलाव के साथ अपर्याप्त हो सकती है, लेकिन मूल्य शाश्वत रूप से वैध रहता है और नए और ताजा अहसास के लिए दबाव डालता है। अतीत मृत और स्थिर नहीं है, यह जीवित और गतिशील है और हमारे वर्तमान की गुणवत्ता और हमारे भविष्य की संभावनाओं को निर्धारित करने में शामिल है।
Passage – The process of its constant renewal is, indeed, the process of growth of national culture and national character. It is the business of education, as I see it, to minister this constant renewal; and I may be forgiven the presumption that my choice to this high office has mainly, if not entirely, been made on account of my long association with the education of my people. I maintain that education is a prime instrument of national purpose and that quality of education is inescapably involved in the quality of the nation. इसके निरंतर नवीनीकरण की प्रक्रिया वास्तव में राष्ट्रीय संस्कृति और राष्ट्रीय चरित्र के विकास की प्रक्रिया है। यह शिक्षा का व्यवसाय है, जैसा कि मैं इसे देखता हूं, इस निरंतर नवीनीकरण की सेवा करना; और मुझे इस धारणा के लिए क्षमा किया जा सकता है कि इस उच्च पद के लिए मेरी पसंद मुख्य रूप से, यदि पूरी तरह से नहीं, तो मेरे लोगों की शिक्षा के साथ मेरे लंबे जुड़ाव के कारण हुई है। मेरा मानना है कि शिक्षा राष्ट्रीय उद्देश्य का एक प्रमुख साधन है और शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता अनिवार्य रूप से राष्ट्र की गुणवत्ता में शामिल है।
Passage – I, therefore, pledge myself to the loyalty of our past culture from wheres over it may have come and by whomsoever it may have been contributed. I pledge myself to the service of the totality to my country’s culture. I pledge my loyalty to my country, irrespective of religion or language; I pledge myself to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed. The whole of Bharat is my home and its people are my family. The people have chosen to make me the head of this family for a certain time. It shall be my earnest endeavour to seek to make this home strong and beautiful, a worthy home for a great people engaged in the fascinating task of building up a just and prosperous and graceful life. इसलिए, मैं अपनी पिछली संस्कृति के प्रति निष्ठा रखने की प्रतिज्ञा करता हूं, चाहे वह कहीं से भी आई हो और चाहे किसी ने भी इसका योगदान दिया हो। मैं अपने देश की संस्कृति की समग्रता की सेवा करने की प्रतिज्ञा करता हूं। मैं अपने देश के प्रति अपनी निष्ठा की प्रतिज्ञा करता हूँ, चाहे वह किसी भी धर्म या भाषा का हो; मैं जाति, रंग या पंथ के भेदभाव के बिना इसकी ताकत और प्रगति और इसके लोगों के कल्याण के लिए काम करने की प्रतिज्ञा करता हूं। सम्पूर्ण भारत मेरा घर है और यहाँ के लोग मेरा परिवार हैं। लोगों ने मुझे एक निश्चित समय के लिए इस परिवार का मुखिया बनाने के लिए चुना है। इस घर को मजबूत और सुंदर बनाना, एक न्यायसंगत और समृद्ध और सुंदर जीवन के निर्माण के आकर्षक कार्य में लगे महान लोगों के लिए एक योग्य घर बनाना मेरा पुरजोर प्रयास होगा।
Passage – The family is big and is constantly growing at a rather inconveniently fast pace. We shall, each one of us, have to participate unsparingly in building its new life, each in his own way. For sheer size the tasks ahead of us are so demanding that no one can afford to sit back and just watch or let frustration become endemic in our country. The situation demands of us work, work and more work, silent and sincere work, solid and steady reconstruction of the whole material and cultural life of our people. परिवार बड़ा है और लगातार असुविधाजनक तेज़ गति से बढ़ रहा है। हममें से प्रत्येक को, इसके नए जीवन के निर्माण में, अपने-अपने तरीके से, बिना किसी हिचकिचाहट के भाग लेना होगा। विशाल आकार के कारण हमारे सामने आने वाले कार्य इतने कठिन हैं कि कोई भी बैठकर सिर्फ देखता नहीं रह सकता या निराशा को हमारे देश में घर कर जाने नहीं दे सकता। स्थिति हमसे काम, काम और अधिक काम, मौन और ईमानदारी से काम, हमारे लोगों के संपूर्ण भौतिक और सांस्कृतिक जीवन के ठोस और स्थिर पुनर्निर्माण की मांग करती है।
Passage – This work, as I see it, has two aspects: work on one’s self and work for the society around. They are mutually fruitful aspects of work. The work on one’s self is to follow the urge towards moral development as a free person and under self-imposed discipline, which alone can render that development possible. Its end-product is a free moral personality. We can neglect the end- product only at our peril. This end-product cannot sustain itself without seeking and exercising itself to bring about the approximation of the society to which it is privileged to serve to a better, a juster and a more graceful way of life. The individual cannot grow in full perfection without a corresponding advance of the collective social existence. Let us resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social. जैसा कि मैं देखता हूं, इस काम के दो पहलू हैं: स्वयं पर काम करना और आसपास के समाज के लिए काम करना। वे कार्य के परस्पर उपयोगी पहलू हैं। स्वयं पर कार्य एक स्वतंत्र व्यक्ति के रूप में और स्वयं द्वारा लगाए गए अनुशासन के तहत नैतिक विकास की दिशा में आग्रह का पालन करना है, जो अकेले ही उस विकास को संभव बना सकता है। इसका अंतिम उत्पाद एक स्वतंत्र नैतिक व्यक्तित्व है। हम अंतिम उत्पाद की उपेक्षा केवल अपने जोखिम पर ही कर सकते हैं। यह अंतिम-उत्पाद उस समाज को उस सन्निकटन में लाने के लिए खोज और अभ्यास किए बिना खुद को कायम नहीं रख सकता है, जिसमें उसे एक बेहतर, न्यायपूर्ण और अधिक सुंदर जीवन शैली की सेवा करने का विशेषाधिकार प्राप्त है। सामूहिक सामाजिक अस्तित्व की तदनुरूप प्रगति के बिना व्यक्ति पूर्ण पूर्णता में विकसित नहीं हो सकता। आइए हम काम के इन दो पहलुओं - व्यक्तिगत और सामाजिक - में पूरे दिल से संलग्न होने का संकल्प लें।
Passage – This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. It is a part of national temperament and inheritance from the great leader of our liberation movement, Mahatma Gandhi, that power should be used only for moral purposes. The peace of the strong is what we shall dedicate ourselves to work for. यह दोहरा प्रयास हमारे राज्य के जीवन को एक विशेष स्वाद देगा। हमारे लिए राज्य केवल सत्ता का संगठन नहीं बल्कि एक नैतिक संगठन होगा। यह राष्ट्रीय स्वभाव का हिस्सा है और हमारे मुक्ति आंदोलन के महान नेता महात्मा गांधी से मिली विरासत है कि शक्ति का उपयोग केवल नैतिक उद्देश्यों के लिए किया जाना चाहिए। ताकतवरों की शांति ही वह चीज़ है जिसके लिए हमें काम करने के लिए खुद को समर्पित करना होगा।
Passage – I have full faith in my people that they will bring forth the energy requisite for the satisfactory performance of this dual task. It shall be my privilege to contribute my share to this enchanting enterprise.
मुझे अपने लोगों पर पूरा भरोसा है कि वे इस दोहरे कार्य को संतोषजनक ढंग से पूरा करने के लिए आवश्यक ऊर्जा लाएंगे। इस आकर्षक उद्यम में अपना योगदान देना मेरा सौभाग्य होगा।
Question Answers
Answer the following questions briefly
1. What did Dr Radhakrishnan bring to the Presidency? (डॉ. राधाकृष्णन राष्ट्रपति पद के लिए क्या लेकर आए?)
Dr Radhakrishnan brought to the Presidency a mental equipment, a degree of erudition and wealth of experience rarely to be found anywhere.
2. What oath did Dr Zakir Husain take of?( डॉ. जाकिर हुसैन ने कौन सी शपथ ली?)
Zakir Husain took an oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India.
3. What is the business of education?( शिक्षा का व्यवसाय क्या है? )
It is the business of education to minister constant renewal. Education is a prime instrument of national purpose and quality of education is inescapably involved in the quality of the nation.
4.What did Dr Zakir Husain pledge himself to?( डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन ने स्वयं को किसके प्रति वचनबद्ध किया?)
Zakir Husain pledged himself to the loyalty of our past culture, service of the totality to our country’s culture. He pledged his loyalty to the country, irrespective of religion or language; and to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed.
5.What does ‘work on one’s self mean? What is its end-product?( 'स्वयं पर काम' का क्या मतलब है? इसका अंतिम उत्पाद क्या है?)
The work on one’s self is to follow the urge towards moral development as a free person and under self-imposed discipline, which alone can render that development possible. Its end-product is a free moral personality.
6.What shall we dedicate ourselves to?( हम स्वयं को किसके प्रति समर्पित करें?)
We shall dedicate ourselves to work for the peace of the strong.
7.When was Dr Zakir Husain born?( डॉ जाकिर हुसैन का जन्म कब हुआ था?)
Zakir Husain was born on 8 February 1897.
8.How long did Dr Zakir Husain live?( डॉ. जाकिर हुसैन कितने वर्ष तक जीवित रहे?)
Zakir Husain lived for 72 years. He died on 3 May 1969.
9.On what occasion did Dr Zakir Husain deliver this speech?( डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन ने यह भाषण किस अवसर पर दिया था?)
Dr Zakir Husain delivered this speech on the occasion of his election as the President of India in 1967.
10.Why does Dr Zakir Husain call India “the young State of an ancient people”? (डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन भारत को "प्राचीन लोगों का युवा राज्य" क्यों कहते हैं?)
Dr Zakir Husain called India “the young state of an ancient people” because through the long millennia and through cooperation of diverse ethnic elements, they have striven to realise timeless, absolute values in their own peculiar way.
Long Answer Questions
1. ‘This work, as I see it, has two aspects.’ What are the ‘two aspects of works’? Explain in your own words.( 'जैसा कि मैं इसे देखता हूं, इस कार्य के दो पहलू हैं।' 'कार्य के दो पहलू' क्या हैं? अपने शब्दों में समझाइये.)
The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment. The work that one has to do on one’s own self includes walking towards the path concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior which is only possible with a lot of self-control. This would result in a “free moral personality” which can only be ignored at our own risk. He says that the results can only survive if they are put to use in creating a society that has an advantage to give its people a lifestyle which is fair, elegant and decent. Similarly, in order to transform into excellence, a person needs the same level of development from its society. Thus, he asks the audience to involve themselves entirely in making it possible by working both on themselves and the society.
2. What did Dr Zakir Husain say about material and cultural life, individual and social development, giving a special flavour to India?( डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन ने भारत को एक विशेष स्वाद देने वाले भौतिक और सांस्कृतिक जीवन, व्यक्तिगत और सामाजिक विकास के बारे में क्या कहा?)
Dr Zakir Husain asked the citizens to resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social. This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. Use of power for righteous reasons is considered a part of our national behavior which has also been passed down from one of the great leaders of our history, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it.
3. ‘Power should be used only for moral purposes.’ Explain.( 'शक्ति का उपयोग केवल नैतिक उद्देश्यों के लिए किया जाना चाहिए।' स्पष्ट करें।)
The peace of the strong is what we shall dedicate ourselves to work for. Dr Zakir Husain asked the citizens to resolve to get whole-heartedly engaged in these two aspects of work — individual and social. This dual effort will give to the life of our State a special flavour. For the State to us will not be just an organisation of power but a moral organisation. It is a part of national temperament and inheritance from the great leader of our liberation movement, Mahatma Gandhi, that “Power should be used only for moral purposes”.
4. The past is not dead and static.’ How does Zakir Husain emphasise the significance of past?( अतीत मृत और स्थिर नहीं है।' जाकिर हुसैन अतीत के महत्व पर किस प्रकार जोर देते हैं?)
According to Dr Zakir Husain, we shall stay loyal to our culture that has been continuing for years. We should not mind where our past culture came from and who brought it. The important thing is that our past glory is of great value. Our past glory and culture are the basis on which the growth of our national culture and national character depends. Hence, the past is not dead and static, it is alive and dynamic and is involved in determining the quality of our present and the prospects of our future.
5. What does Zakir Husain exhort us to do to build the new life of the nation?( राष्ट्र के नवजीवन के निर्माण के लिए जाकिर हुसैन हमें क्या करने के लिए प्रेरित करते हैं?)
Zakir calls the country his “family” that is continuously growing at an uncontrollable rate. Zakir exhorted each one of us to participate unsparingly in building the new life of the nation, each in our own way. For sheer size the tasks ahead of us are so demanding that no one can afford to sit back and just watch or let frustration become endemic in our country.He could not emphasize more on the fact that we need to work hard consistently, silently and wholeheartedly in rebuilding the entire physical, social, and cultural life of our country.The hard work that Zakir is asking the citizens to do comprises two types – one that involves working on oneself and the other, on its surroundings and environment.
The work that one has to do on one’s own self includes walking towards the path concerned with the principles of right and wrong behavior which is only possible with a lot of self-control. This would result in a “free moral personality” which can only be ignored at our own risk. He says that the results can only survive if they are put to use in creating a society that has an advantage to give its people a lifestyle which is fair, elegant and decent. Similarly, in order to transform into excellence, a person needs the same level of development from its society. Thus, he asks the audience to involve themselves entirely in making it possible by working both on themselves and the society.
6. In what context does Dr Zakir Husain say “Bharat is my home”?( डॉ जाकिर हुसैन किस सन्दर्भ में कहते हैं "भारत मेरा घर है"?)
In his presidential speech, Dr Zakir Husain explains how overwhelmed he is by the trust people have placed in him by electing him to the highest office in the land. He took an oath of loyalty to the Constitution of India. He pledged himself to the service of the totality to the country’s culture, irrespective of religion or language; He pledged himself to work for its strength and progress and for the welfare of its people without distinctions of caste, colour or creed. Hence, he called the whole of Bharat his home and its people his family. As the people chose him to be the head of this family for a certain time, he considered it his earnest endeavour to seek to make this home strong and beautiful, a worthy home for a great people engaged in the fascinating task of building up a just and prosperous and graceful life.
GROUP DISCUSSION
1. Living in a big family has more merits than demerits.( बड़े परिवार में रहने से अवगुणों की अपेक्षा गुण अधिक होते हैं।)
Living in a big family means you always have someone by your side no matter what the situation is. They guide you and support you. You get to learn from your relatives and cousins. Siblings learn how to share their belongings and how to live in harmony with each other which makes them more responsible. However, there may be a lot of arguments. With so many personalities in the household, there are times when family members do not get on but it is times like these that teach you how to deal with confrontations and make peace afterwards. Feeling of competition may arise but if seen from a different perspective, healthy competition is good for growth. There are less chances of anyone feeling lonely as people may bond with each other. Doing stuff like eating, going out and spending leisure time together brings about the feeling of oneness and motivates you to achieve better things in life.
2. Quality of education shapes the quality of nation.( शिक्षा की गुणवत्ता राष्ट्र की गुणवत्ता को आकार देती है।)
Nelson Mandela once said,
“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world”.
Education forces young minds to become capable of critical thinking. This is why quality education is linked with quality life in the future as it enables individuals to assess what is fair and what is not. It helps build perspective. It is the citizens who create societies and civilizations. Hence, quality education is the backbone of a nation. It ensures economic prosperity of the country, builds a productive, socially competent and efficient human race, ensures an environment conducive to justice, non-discrimination, cooperation and tolerance. Good education is able to ensure social peace and stability by accelerating physical fitness, morality and creativity. Thus, it is true that the quality of education shapes the quality of a nation.
3. It is neither scientific progress nor material prosperity but its people with strong character that make a nation great and strong.( यह न तो वैज्ञानिक प्रगति है और न ही भौतिक समृद्धि बल्कि मजबूत चरित्र वाले लोग ही किसी राष्ट्र को महान और मजबूत बनाते हैं।)
Citizens create societies and civilizations. Our ancestors believed in the moral development of human beings more than in the material development of science. It is not that they did not have the means to make scientific inventions but they simply believed in making the foundation of a man strong. Our civilisation has always promoted sticking to values and morals, to not overindulge in luxuries, to restrict our wants by imposing self-control because humans with strong will-power and character are destined for greater things and even greater satisfaction in life than any material obsessions can.
COMPOSITION
Write a paragraph in about 100 words on each of the following
A. Write a summary of Dr Zakir Husain’s speech in about 150 words.( डॉ. ज़ाकिर हुसैन के भाषण का सारांश लगभग 150 शब्दों में लिखिए।)
In his presidential speech, Dr Zakir Husain confesses how he is flooded with emotions after seeing the confidence his people have placed in him. He praises Dr Radhakrishnan for his contributions during his time as the President. Zakir swore his loyalty to the Constitution of India and towards working for the whole nation. According to him, it is education that brings continuous change in the mindset of a population. He calls India his home and the citizens, his family. He emphasized that we need to work hard in order to rebuild the entire nation. The hard work comprises two types – working on oneself and on the society. This will add a “special flavour”. He mentions how use of power for the right reasons is a part of our national behavior and was also followed by the great leader, Mahatma Gandhi. Thus, he asks us to commit ourselves in working towards strengthening the nation and maintaining peace within it.
B. Write a short essay in about 150 words on ‘Unity in diversity’.( 'अनेकता में एकता' पर लगभग 150 शब्दों में एक लघु निबंध लिखें।)
Unity in diversity is used as an expression of harmony and unity between dissimilar individuals or groups. It refers to the state of togetherness or oneness in spite of the presence of huge differences. It signifies oneness among individuals who have certain differences among them on the basis of culture, language, religion, ideology, sect, race, ethnicity, etc. India is a prime illustration of “Unity in Diversity” as people from many cultures, religions, lifestyles, faith in God, dialects, dressing sense and social statuses coexist together with peace and love. People respect the opinion and space of each and every one. It reduces the chances of riots and disturbances. The freedom struggle of India can be considered as a magnificent example. The story of India’s unity amid variety is remarkable because it conveys a clear message that the country is more powerful than any religion or community in particular.
C. Write a speech to be delivered on Teachers’ Day justifying the celebration of Dr Radhakrishnan’s birthday as Teachers’ Day.( डॉ. राधाकृष्णन के जन्मदिन को शिक्षक दिवस के रूप में मनाने को उचित ठहराते हुए शिक्षक दिवस पर दिया जाने वाला एक भाषण लिखें।)
Dr Radhakrishnan once said,
“True teachers are those who help us think for ourselves”
Teachers’ Day is celebrated in India on September 5, the birthday of the former President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, a well-known scholar, and teacher. A philosopher and a guru, he contributed greatly to the education of India. He worked as a vice-chancellor of University of Delhi (DU) and Banaras Hindu University (BHU). He had worked as a lecturer in many universities across India including the University of Calcutta, University of Mysore, etc. He was the author of the book – The Principles of Upanishads.
Dr Radhakrishnan’s perspective on education was very different. He believed that the right kind of education imparted by a teacher can help in removing numerous societal issues and superstitious beliefs. He wanted to bring about a drastic change in the Indian education system. He emphasized that a teacher and a student must have a good understanding and relationship that promotes imparting and gaining knowledge.
Thus, to mark his wisdom, knowledge and contribution in the development of the country and its students, the future citizens, a few students proposed this idea of celebrating Teacher’s day on his birthday to which he replied, “Instead of celebrating my birthday, it would be my proud privilege if 5 September is observed as Teacher’s day”.
D. You have been elected as the President of your school’s Student Council. Make a diary entry about changes you propose to introduce for the betterment of your school. (आपको अपने विद्यालय की विद्यार्थी परिषद के अध्यक्ष के रूप में चुना गया है। अपने विद्यालय की बेहतरी के लिए आपके द्वारा प्रस्तावित परिवर्तनों के बारे में एक डायरी प्रविष्टि बनाएं।)
12 August, 202
Dear diary,
All my hard work paid off today as I got appointed as the President of our school’s Student Council. I am very excited and determined to act in this power because there are a few changes that I would like to introduce in our school.
Beginning with health, I believe a lot can be improved in our cafeteria menu by introducing healthier lunch options such as juices, salads and fruits. A 15 minute meditation break between classes can be introduced to calm the minds of teachers and students for better productivity. In terms of cleanliness, the drinking water taps need to be cleaned and serviced regularly. More and more sports activities can be promoted so that the students remain physically active. Lastly, our library can have an entire section of newspapers in different languages to promote learning multiple languages.
In order to accomplish this, I would need a thorough proposal to present in front of the Student Council and our Principal ma’am. I wish I am able to fulfill my duties properly.
If you have any doubts, Please let me know.